Презентация на тему "Pulmonary Tuberculosis"

Содержание

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  ESSAY

  Theme: Pulmonary Tuberculosis Kazakh National medical university named after S.D. Asfendiyarov Department of foreign languages Made by: KalymzhanGaliya MPA, 2 course Lecturer:Sydykova K. Almaty 2015 year

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  INTRODUCTION

  Pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectiousdisease that mainly affect the lungs parenchyma. TB is a contagious bacterial (M. tuberculosis)infection that mainly affects the lungsparenchyma, but may spread to other organs.

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  Incidence and Prevalence

  1/3rd of the world’s population is infected with M. tuberculosis Tuberculosis remains one of the top three killers

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  Cause

  Tuberculosis (TB) is caused byMycobacterium tuberculosis,which produces characteristic tuberculous changes in the lung. The causative agent of tuberculosis was discovered by Koch In 1882.

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  TB spread from person to person by airborne transmission.  Talking Coughing Sneezing Laughing

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  Risk factors

  CLOSE CONTACT WITH SOME ONE WHO HAVE ACTIVE TB. IMMUNO COMPROMISED STATUS (ELDERLY,CANCER) DRUG ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM PEOPLE LACKING ADEQUATE HEALTH CARE PRE EXISTING MEDICAL CONDITIONS (DIABETES MELLITUS,CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE) IMMIGRANTS FROM COUNTRIES WITH HIGHER INCIDENCE OF TB. LIVING IN SUBSTANDARD CONDITIONS 

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  Tuberculosis is either latent or active.

  If you have latent tuberculosis (TB), you do not have symptoms and cannot spread the disease to others. If you have active TB, you do have symptoms and can spread the disease to others. 

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  Symptoms

  Breathing difficulty Chest pain Cough (usually with mucus) Coughing up blood Excessive sweating, especially at night Fatigue Fever Weight loss Wheezing Anorexia

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  Diagnosis of  pulmonary tuberculosis

  Tests that may be ordered include: Tuberculin skin test Chest X-rays Analysis of sputum

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  Chest X-rays

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  Tuberculosis treatment

  The standard «short» course treatment for tuberculosis (TB), is isoniazid , rifampicin , pyrazinamide , and ethambutol.

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  Prevention

  TB is preventable, even in those who have been exposed to an infected person. Skin testing for TB is used in high risk populations or in people who may have been exposed to TB, such as health care workers. Some countries with a high incidence of TB give people a BCG vaccination to prevent TB.

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  References

  http://www.medicinenet.com/tuberculosis http://www.stoptb.org http://www.who.int/tb http://www.microbiologybytes.com/video/Mtuberculosis.html http://www.cdc.gov/TB/topic/basics/default.htm

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