Презентация на тему "Исследовательская работа" 9 класс

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  English calendar: what can you tell me the names of the months and days of the week.

  Прыткова Алина Юрьевна Ученица 9 «А» класса МБОУ «Ардатовская СОШ»   Руководитель: Кондратьева Антонина Сергеевна Учитель МБОУ «Ардатовская СОШ»

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  The urgency of the problem is that all of us in the speech we use not only the names of the days of the week and names of months. However, not all of us know, and anyway, think of where and how did these names. It turns out that people need to know about the history of the days of the week and months, at least to avoid being "trapped" in a given situation. That is why I decided to study literature on this topic.Objective: to find out the history of the origin of the names of the weekdays and months in English.Objectives:1)To find information about the origin of the names of the weekdays and months in English. 2)To find information about the use of names of components of the calendar in verse, sustainable expressions in the English language. 3)To compare the origin of names of days of week in Russian and English languages. 

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  The calendar comes from the Latin word calendarium. The word translated as "debt book". In Ancient Rome debtors paid the interest on the day of calends, i.e. in the beginning of the month. Calendar — number system long stretches of time based on the periodicity of the movement of celestial bodies

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  The names of the days of the week in English come from the names of Roman gods. First day of the week Sundaywas named after the name of the Sun God. The ancient Saxons worshipped the Sun God, therefore, gave it the name of the day.

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  The second day of the week Monday was named in honor of the moon Goddess. The third day of the week Tuesday was named in honor of the God Tusca (son of Earth).The fourth day of the week Wednesday was named in honor of the deity Modena. His exploits are legendary. Fifth day of the week Thursday was dedicated to the God Thor. Sixth day of the week is Friday was named after the name of the Goddess Frige (the Earth Goddess).Seventh day of the week Saturday was named in honor of the God Citera.

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  In English there are many expressions with the names of the days of the week, for example:

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  Black Monday – the first Monday after holidays or vacations;Fat Monday - is the Monday before lent; Holy Wednesday, Spy Wednesday – Holy Week;Holy Thursday – Maundy Thursday;Man Friday – a faithful servant.

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  Now consider the origin of names of days of week in Russian. To start is to understand why the week is called "week". The fact that earlier, prior to the adoption of Christianity, the week called Sunday. And it was the first day of the week. However, later on Sunday began to consider the last day of ending the week.

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  Monday is derived from the phrase "after a week". Monday was the first day after the resurrection, which in ancient times was called "the week". Almost all days of the week in Russian language are formed in accordance with the ordinal number day of the week after Sunday .The word "Saturday" comes from the old Slavic language. It was borrowed from the Greek language . And in the Greek language it came from Hebrew . Shabbat – how you pronounce this Hebrew word meaning literally "rest“.

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  In modern English seven days a week. Days of the week in English are always written with a capital letter, regardless of their position in the sentence. It is worth noting that in England, the USA, Canada and many other countries, the days of the week begin with Sunday. Days of the week in English are used with the preposition on: on Monday, on Tuesday, on Friday. Even if the day of the week in the English language is used in combination with the preposition on does not change: on May 25th. Saturday and Sunday is called weekend.

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  The names of the months in the English language emerged from the Roman tradition, which remained on the territory of the British Islands for about four centuries. For a long time, they brought their culture, language and created entire cities on the Islands and of course the calendar. The ancient Roman calendar consisted of ten months and the first month it was considered a March. Later from the Etruscans borrowed the calendar, where the year was divided into twelve months.

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  For example:January –is named after God Janus. According to the legend, he had two faces, one looking forward and the other backward, so he could see the beginning and the end of the year. March –was named after Mars the planet and God of war. The Romans believed that this period is convenient for wars.September – September, sept, which means in Latin, seven. During the Roman Empire, the calendar began with March, hence September was the seventh month of the year.

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  As the English names of the months is quite consonant with the Russians, generally do not have problems with remembering when learning English. Today we use a calendar of twelve months.In English the names of months are written with capital letters. Months used with the preposition "in": in August. When talking about the past or the future, the preposition "in" is not required: this March; next June; last January.If the name of the month indicates the date, use the preposition "on":on August 17, 2014

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  As a result of my work, I learned a lot. I learned about the origin of the calendar, about why one way or another were called the days of the week and months in Russian and English languages. Thus, we can conclude that when naming days of the week in English, adhered to the astrological version of the origin of the seven day week. English days of the week Monday,Saturday, Sunday correspond to the names of the planets,a rest - Tuesday, Wednesday,Thursday, and Friday are named after gods of Norse mythology. In English, the days of the week from Monday to Saturday consistent with Bulgarian names, and Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday reflect their ordinal position relative to the "resurrection", the Sabbath derives from the Hebrew "Sabbath", and Sunday is named after Jesus Christ. Therefore, the names of the days of the week in English and Russian languages have different origins. The origins of the names of the months as different in these languages.

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