Презентация на тему "Computers. For intermediate learners Практикум"

Презентация: Computers. For intermediate learners Практикум
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  • Количество слайдов
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  • Слова
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  • Презентация: Computers. For intermediate learners Практикум
    Слайд 1

    Л. Л. РЯБОВАCOMPUTERS

    For intermediate learners Практикум

  • Слайд 2

    LESSON I

    Text A. What is a Computer System? 5 elements of a computer system: Software People Hardware Procedures Data/Information Text B. The Evolution of Computers Generations of Computers

  • Слайд 3

    LESSON II

    Types of Computer Systems: A supercomputer A mainframe computer A minicomputer A microcomputer

  • Слайд 4

    LESSON III

    Delete Keys – Clipboard Technology: a liquid crystal display and an electronic stylus are used instead of the keyboard

  • Слайд 5

    LESSON IV

    Computer Software: Systems Software Applications Software Graphical User Interface

  • Слайд 6

    LESSON V

    Programs and Programming Languages (a brief history): FORTRAN COBOL ALGOL PL/1 PASCAL BASIC C

  • Слайд 7

    LESSON VI

    Input Hardware: Using a Keyboard (with keyboard entry) Not using a keyboard Terminals: A dumb terminal E.g. A financial transaction terminal A smart terminal E.g. A point-of-sale terminal An intelligent terminal E.g.An integrated workstation A portable terminal, a handheld terminal

  • Слайд 8

    Keyboard Entry Input Hardware

    MainTypes of Terminals: A dumb terminal A smart terminal An intelligent terminal

  • Слайд 9

    Popular Types of Computer Terminals

    Point-of-sale terminals (POS) Financial transaction terminals Executive workstations or integrated workstations Portable terminals Microcomputers used as terminals

  • Слайд 10

    LESSON VII

    Storage Hardware: Primary Storage - the main memory of a computer(a volatile form of storage , i.e. the data and instructions are lost when the computer is turned off.) Secondary (Auxiliary) Storage (a file cabinet)(a nonvolatile form of storage, i.e. the data and instructions remain intact whien the computer is turned off.)

  • Слайд 11

    Function of Main Memory or RAM

    To act as a buffer between the CPU and the rest of the computer system components The amount of RAM in a minicomputer directly affects the level of sophistication of the software used.

  • Слайд 12

    Data Representation:

    - in a binary form or a binary code Two most commonly used codes: ASCII (the American Standard Code for Information Interchange) EBCDIC (Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code) – the most popular code used for IBM and IBM-compatible mainframe computers

  • Слайд 13

    TEXT VIII

    The Anatomy of a Microcomputer Keyboard Monitor (VDU- visual display unit) System Unit which houses: the power supply the system board the storage devices additional components

  • Слайд 14

    LESSON IX

    General Features of Operating Systems An operating system - a master control program which controls the functionsof the computer system as a whole and the running of application programs. All computers do not use the same operating systems. Some software is only designed to run under the control of specific operating systems. Some operating systems are adopted as ‘industry standards”. Mainframe computers usually process several application programs concurrently, this is known as multiprogramming (multi-tasking in the context of microcomputers). It requires a powerful operating system incorporating work scheduling facilities to control the switching between programs. This entails reading in data for one program while the processor is performing computations on another and printing out results on yet another. In multi-user environments an operating system is required to control terminal operations on a shared access basis as only one user can access the system at any moment of time. The operating system allocates control to each terminal in turn. Some environments operate in concurrent batch and real-time mode. An operating system is stored on disk and has to be booted into the internal memory (RAM)

  • Слайд 15

    LESSON X

    Computer Networks Link computers by communication lines and software protocols.

  • Слайд 16

    Text A.Types of Networks:

    LAN- Local Area Network (a localized network usually in one building or a group of buildings close together, but now it is possible to connect LANs remotely over telephone links so that they look as though they are a single LAN) WAN – Wide Area Network (a network connected over long distance by telephone lines)

  • Слайд 17

    Text B: Network Configurations

    Star - all access devices are linked directly to the central computer Switched – the central switch is used to connect different devices on the network directly Ring – each device is attached to a network shaped as a continuous loop Bus/Ethernet – consists of one piece of cable terminated at each end to which all devices are connected. Each device is able to broadcast a message when it has detected silence for a fixed period of time.

  • Слайд 18

    LESSON XI

    Text A. A Brief History of the Internet. Text B. How to Plug to the Internet

  • Слайд 19

    LESSON XII

    Computer Viruses A computer virus – an unwanted program that has entered your system without you knowing about it. Generally consists of two parts: the infector and the detonator. Computer virus like a disease can spread (via floppies transported from computer to computer, or networks) to other computers. Generally, the work of the virus is either damaging data on your disks, altering what you see on your computer display, or doing something else that interferes with the normal use of your computer.

  • Слайд 20

    LESSON XIII

    Repairs Uni-medium devices Multimedia High-end multimedia a variety of media through our television: full-motion video, still images, graphics, sound, and animation School media: the instructor's words, text, audiotapes, graphics, and a variety of visuals and video

  • Слайд 21

    LESSON XIV

    Machine Translation (MT): History of development of machine translation systems Problems and achievements

  • Слайд 22

    LESSON XVMultimedia

    multimedia the combination of text, graphics, animation, sound, and video multimedia computer a computer suitable for running multimedia programs. It usually has a sound card and a CD-ROM drive. Computer-to-Video Conversion. How they work.

  • Слайд 23

    LESSON XVI

    Text A. Laptops, notebooks, flybooks Types and comparison of modern portable personal computers Text B. Wired Room Computer facilities in modern foreign hotels

  • Слайд 24

    SUPPLEMENTARY TEXTS

    Internet Words Conversion Computer Security Working with Victims of Computer Network Hacks The Case for Reporting Debunking the Myths and Explaining the Basics Desktop replacements - CNET reviews

  • Слайд 25

    Glossary of computing termsand abbreviations

    Explanations of the terms and abbreviationswhich are used in the texts Examples: systems program a program that is part of a computer operating system and controls a basic function of a computer systems programming the writing of systems programs

  • Слайд 26

    USEFUL LANGUAGE FOR TECHNICIANS

    Names of tools, terms and directions which are used in manuals and in captions supplied with the drawings Useful for technicians, users and operators of PCs

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