Презентация на тему "Skeleton"

Содержание

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  Skeleton

  Группа:11-051-01 подготовил:Камбаров Фарух

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  Osteology – is the science of bones

  The skeleton is a set of bones, connected by a connective, cartilage and bone tissues. Functions: The motor function The protective function The support function The spring function Thehematopoietic function The exchange function

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  Bone as an organ

  Bone is an organ, as it has a definite shape, structure, development and provision.Bone - is a complex entity consisting of several tissues, blood and lymph vessels and nerves. There are more than 200 bones in skeleton

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  The chemical composition of bone

  Water 50%, fat 16%, organic matter, 12%, inorganic matter, 22%.The organic part consists of ossein, which provides elasticity.Inorganic part - salts of Ca, P, Mg trace elements, providing a hardness of bone.

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  The classification of bones

  I. Tubular bones 1. long (shoulder, thigh) 2. short (metacarpals, phalanges)

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  II. Flat bones

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  III.The spongy bones

  Различают: 1.Длинные (ребра, грудина) 2. Короткие (запястные и предплюсневые кости) 3.Сесамовидные –гороховидная, надколенник

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  IV. The mixed bones

  Mixed bone has a complex structure.  They are composed of parts having different structure and form - the vertebrae, temporal bone

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  The skeleton of the head

  The skeleton of the head is a skull. The skull is composed of cranial and facial parts. There are 26 bones in the skull.

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  The skeleton of the trunk

  The skeleton of the trunk includes the spine and chest.  The spine is formed by 33-34vertebrae. The spine consists of 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 fused with each other sacral and 4-5 coccygeal vertebrae.

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  The chest is formed by the thoracic vertebrae, 12 pairs of ribs and sternum.

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  The belt of the upper extremities consist of  the clavicle, scapula, shoulder, forearm and hand

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  The belt of the lower extremities include the pelvic bones, femur, patella, fibula, tibia and foot