Презентация на тему "Word-building"

Содержание

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  Word-building

  Conversion Compounding Afexes

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  Conversion

  The formation of new words without changing their spelling and pronunciation. From the verb master – to master house – to house water – to water From the adjective empty – to empty white – to white

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  Compounding

  air + field = airfield birth + place = birthplace

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  Afexes

  Prefixes Suffixes syllables which we add before certain words to form new words. The meaning of the new word depends on the prefix that has been used syllables which we add to the end of the certain words to from new verbs

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  Prefixes

  The prefixes below are used to express opposite meanings. de- (destabilise, dethrone) dis- (disadvantage, disbelief) in- (insufficient) ,il- (before l) illegal im- (before b,m,p) immature, improbable ir- (before r) irrelevant BUT unreal, unremarkable non- (non-dairy), un- (unattractive, uncivilized) anti – (anticlockwise) counter- (counterattack)

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  The prefixes with negative meaning a- (amoral) ab- (absent) mis- (misread) non- (nonexistent) The prefixes with meaning «too» over- (to overpay) super- (superior) ultra- (ultra-shot) out- (outlast)

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  uni- (one) uniform bi- (two) bilingual co- (with) co-educational inter- (between) interstate inter- (between) interstate multi- (many) multicultural post- (after) postwar pre- (before) prenuptial re- (again) redesign semi- (half) semi-circle sub- under less- (subordinate) trans- (travel) transatlantic pro- (in favour of) pro-American under- (not enough) underdeveloped ex- (previous, former) ex-president

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  Suffixes

  Nouns referring to people verb+ -er/-or/-ar(work – worker, act- actor, burgle – burglar) noun/verb/adjective+ -ist(social-socialist) verb+ -ant/-ent(assist-assistant, reside – resident) noun+ -an/-ian(republic – republican, Italy – Italian) verb+ -ee (passive meaning) (employ – employee)

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  Nouns formed from verbs –age post-postage –al propose-proposal –ance perform-performance –ence coincide-coincidence –ation animate-animation –ion televise-television –ment employ-employment –sion pretend-pretension –sishypothesise-hypothesis –tion describe-description –ure close-closure –y discover-discovery

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  Nouns formed from adjectives –ance relevant-relevance –cy urgent-urgency –ence patient-patience –ion isolated-isolation –iness happy-happiness –ness sad-sadness –ity relative-relatively –ty royal-royalty –y honest-honesty

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  Adjectives formed from nouns –ous nausea-nauseous –al nation-national –ic history-historic –ical theatre-theatrical –ish girl-girlish –ive suppression-suppressive –ful (with) dread-dreadful –less (without) name-nameless –ant brilliance-brilliant –able reason-reasonable –y wealth-wealthy –ly world-worldly

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  Adjectives formed from verbs –able treat-treatable –ible sense-sensible –ive exclude-exclusive –ate consider-considerate –ent differ-defferernt Verbs formed from adjectives –en bright-brighten –ise real-realise Verbs formed from nouns –en strength-strengthen

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  literature – Virginia Evans, Jenny Dooley “Wishes”

  Marina Bobrova. 1077/2