Презентация на тему "The subject and object of stylistic stylistic characteristics of english vocabulary"

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  The subject and object of stylistic Stylistic Characteristics of English Vocabulary

  ZhaksytaevaIngkar PD 12-1 (2)

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  Stylistics is a branch of linguistics that studies the various functional styles of speech and also the various expressive means and devices language.

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  The distinction between a lofty style and a low style of speech was put forward as far back as in the 18th century by MichailLomonosov.

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  Academician V. V. Vinogradov was the first linguists who described the different styles of speech

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  Styles of speech

  colloquial style official and scientific styles the publicist and belle-letters

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  English vocabulary

  bookish colloquial neutral

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  Examples:

  child (neutral) – kid (colloq.) – infant (e.g. infant schools – official, bookish) – offspring (also bookish, used in scientific works); father (neut.) – daddy (coll.) – male parent/ancestor (formal); leave/go away (neut.) – be off/get out/get away/get lost (coll., or familiar– colloquial) – retire/withdraw (bookish); continue (neutr.) – go on, carry on (coll.) – proceed (bookish, formal); begin/start (neutr.) – get going/get started/Come on! (coll.) – commence (formal);

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  Unlike neutral words (synonymic dominants), which only denote a certain notion and thus have only a denotational meaning, their stylistic synonyms usually contain some connotations

  an endearing connotation (ласкат.) – e.g. in the words kid, daddy, mummy (as different from the neutral words child, father, mother); derogatory (презрит.-уничижит.) connotation – e.g. in rot, trash, stuff (as different from the neutral 'something worthless or silly'); humourous – e.g. in comestibles (=food),beak ( = nose), to kick the bucket (= to die); rude or vulgar, e.g. in shut up/shut your trap;  ironical or sarcastic – brain-wash (= промывка мозгов),  he is notorious for his bad behaviour – "славится", т.е. "печально известен"); approving evaluation (одобрительная оценка) – e.g. in the word renowned (a renowned poet = прославленный; 

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  A rude (vulgar) connotation is present in vulgarisms which are not to be used in the speech of educated people and are therefore often replaced by euphemisms – the more 'gentle' names of the object.

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